Drill



2 sheetssheet 1' Sept. 22, 1936. w. G. CHRISTIAN DRILL Filed sept. 24, 1934 HIIHH. H HHIIIIIIJHHHHIIIIVIIMW.

sept. 22,1936;

' w. G.V CHRISTIAN z'lsheets-sheet 2 Patented Sept. 22, 1936 irse sTATss fr r orrice s Claims.-

This invention relates to a drill.

An object of the invention is to provide a drill of the detachable blade type and having novel means for securing the blade in the drill head.

Another object of the invention is to provide, in a drill, a novel type of blade of such construction that it may be readily secured immovably to the head, to the end that' there will be no relative movement of the blade and the head while the drill is being used in actual drilling.

A further object is to provide a drill of the character described having a relatively large axial channel there through for the conducting of the drilling fluid and which will permit the required volume of drilling fluid to flow there through,

and a nozzle mounted in a novel manner in the drill at the lower end of said channel so shaped as to provide reduced outlets through which the drilling uid may be discharged on the forward faces of the blade cutters. In this respect the invention herein described embodies certain improvements over that shown in my co-pending application for Drill filed in United States Patent Oice on June 28, 1934 under Serial No. 732,882.

With the aboveand other objects in View the invention has particular relation to certain novel features of construction, arrangement of parts and use, an example of which is given in this specication and illustration in the accompanying drawings wherein;-

Figure l shows a side elevation, partly in section of the drill. Y i

Figure 2 shows a cross sectional View taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows an edge view.

Figure 4 shows an enlarged perspective view of the blade.

Figure 5 shows a side view, partly in section of another form of the drill, and i Figure 6 shows an edge view thereof.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings wherein like numerals of referencedesignate the same parts in each of the figures; the numeral l designates the drill head, which is ap- Y proximately cylindrical, and whose upper end has the shank 2 formed 'integrally therewith and threaded to receive the drill collar by means of which the drill may be connected to the drill stem or other driving member. Beneath the drill head there is the body 3 formed integrally with the head and which is preferably flattened and widened as shown.

There is an axial channel 4 leading downwardly through the head from the upper end to the (ci. c55-'61) `lower end thereof through which the drilling uid may be conducted.` Y

Atrits` lower endthe body 3 has a transverse mortise 5 whichtapers upwardly to receive the correspondingly shaped ,tenons B, 5, of the detachable blade l. This blade is formed with suitable cutters, and in the form shown the Vblade is provided with oppositely curved blade-like cutters il, 8. Long bolts, 9,9, are fitted downwardly through the bores lil, ID, which extend entirely 10 through the drill from the upper end of the shank to the lower end of the body. The lower ends of these bolts are threaded in to the tapped holes il, i l, in the tenons t, 6. The upper ends of the bolts 9 have the heads i2 thereon and when the l5 bolts are screwed into place they may be locked against unscrewing by means of the washers i3 having the lugs iii which may be bent upwardly against the heads i2 to lock the bolts in place.

- Thertenons 6, 6, are spaced apart and there is av nozzle iiiA whose lower end is tted snugly `between sail tenons. The Vmaterial of the blade 1,

between said tenons is tapered upwardly to prov ide a; transverse edge i6 and the lower end of the nozzle hasa transverse groove l'i to receive 25 said edge, as shown in Figure 3, when` the nozzle is installed in place. The upper end of the nozzle is fitted Vsnugly up into the lower end of the axial bore Q, The lower end of the bore is enlarged to provide an inside annular shoulder i8 andthewnozzle i5 has an external annular ange t9 which fits up within ,the enlarged lower end` of the bore. Suitable packing Zi surrounds the nozzle and is clamped between the shoulder i8 and the flange i9, and when the blade l is as- 35 sembled and drawn up into home `position by the set bolts 9, the packing 2E] will be placed under i compression so as to form a fluid tight joint between the nozzle and body of the drill.

4 The lower end of the nozzle has the restricted outlets 2i, 2i, arranged to discharge the drilling fluid on opposite sides of the blade in front of the respective cutters il, and aligned with these loutlets are the shallow channels 22, 22, arranged to conduct the drilling fluid on down towardpthe cutting edgesof the cutters 8. In case the nozzle I5 becomes worn out orthe discharge openings 2i become enlarged or deformed, a new nozzle may readily be substituted therefor.

The outer margins of the tenons 6 have lat- 5o erally extending wings 23. These wings have the vertical grooves 2li, 2d, on opposite sides of the tenons. These grooves diverge, slightly upwardly, and the adjacent margins of the drill body 3 are shaped to conform to the shape of the inner sides of said wings, thus forming the vertical side tenons which wedge closely in the grooves 24 when the blade is drawn into its home position in the body by the set bolts 9. During drilling operations, if the blade section should become loose on account of wear of adjacent parts, the lugs I4 of the washers I3 may be bent downwardly and the bolts 9 turned to draw the blade section further upwardly relative to the body, there being sunicient clearance left for that purpose.

In the form shown in Figures 5 and 6 the lower end of the body 3 has a transverse mortise 5' whose sides diverge upwardly and the blade sec-Vk tion I has the spaced tenons 6', 6' slightly dovetailed in shape so as to t closely in the mortise 5'. When the blade 'I' is inserted into place, the

, inwardly tapering keys 26, 26, may be driven into place above said tenons 6' so as to tightly wedge the tenons B' in mortise 5. The lower end of the body 3 has the transverse bearings 2'I which pass also through the joints between the tenons 6' and keys 26 and suitable bolts 28 may be fitted through said bearings and secured in place, as shown, to retain the keys 26 against displacement. In this form of drill there is also an axial bore 4' leadingdownwardly from the upper end thereof and theV tenons 6', 6', are spaced apart a distance equal to the diameter of this bore. When the blade I is assembled with the drill body, as explained, a tubular nozzle I5' may be lowered through the bore 4 into the position between the tenons 6' as Vshown in Figure 5.

The upper end of the nozzle I5' is reduced forming an external annular shoulder 29 and packing 3U surrounds'said reduced upper end and rests on said shoulder. An elongated tubular gland 3| is fitted down into the bore 4' and it is lower and surrounds the Vreduced upper end of the nozzle I5' and operates against the packing 30. The upper end of this gland is screwed into the upper. end of the drill and may be screwed down against the packing 30 to give it the required compression. A lock nut 32 is screwed on to the upper end of the gland to lock it into place. WhenY the nozzle I5 is installed, it will fit closely between the tenons 6' and its lower end and the adjacent parts of the blade 'I' are of the same formation as that described in connection with Figures 1 to 4, inclusive.

The drawings and descriptions Vdisclose what are now considered to be preferred forms of the invention by way of illustration only while the broad principle of the invention will be dened by the appended claims.

What I claim is:-

1. A drill comprising a body, a detachable cutter thereon, said cutter and body being provided, one with a tenon and the other with a mortise to receive the tenon, a pair of side wings on each side margin of the cutter, said Wings and the body having intertting parts.

2. A drill comprising a body, a detachable cutter thereon, said cutter and body being provided, one with'a tenon and the other with a mortise to reoeive the tenon, a pair of side wings on each side margin of the cutter, said wings and body having interitting parts and means for securing the cutter to the body.

3. A drill comprising a body, a detachable member on the body having cutting means thereon, said body having an axial channel for drilling uid, a tubular nozzle at the lower end only of said channel having outlets through which the drilling fluid may be discharged on the opposite sides of the detachable member.

4. A boring tool comprising a body, a detachable member on the lower end of the body having Cutting means thereon, said tool having a channel leading downwardly from the upper end thereof, a tubular nozzle at the lower end of, and located wholly within, the channel having restricted outlets at its lower end through which the drilling Iluid may be supplied to the cutting means on opposite sides of said member.

5. A boring tool comprising a body, a detachable member on the lower end of the body having cutting means thereon, said tool having a channel leading downwardly from the upper end thereof, a tubular nozzle at the lower end of, and

located wholly within, the channel and having restricted outlets at its lower end through which the drilling iluid may be supplied to the cutting means on opposite sides of said member, and means for securing the detachable member to said body.

6. A boring tool comprising a body, a detachable member on the lower end of the body having cutting means thereon, said tool having a channel leading downwardly from the upper end thereof, a tubular nozzle in the channel having restricted outlets at its lower end through which the drilling fluid may be supplied to the cutting means on opposite sides of said member, and packing around the nozzle forming a fluid-tight joint between the nozzle and body.

7. A boring tool comprising a body, a detachable member on the lower end of the body having cutting means thereon, said tool having a channel leading downwardly from the upper end thereof, a tubular nozzle in the channel having restricted outlets at its lower end through which the drilling fluid may be supplied to the cutting means on opposite sides of said member, packing around the nozzle and means for applying pressure to the packing to expand the same to form a fluid tight seal between the nozzle and body.

8. A drill comprising a body, means thereon for attaching the body to a drill stem, the lower end of the body having atransverse mortise which tapers upwardly, a boring member having cutters at its lower end and having spaced, upwardly extending tenons shaped to lit closely into said mortise, laterally extending wings on the outer margin of each tenon, said wings having vertical grooves on opposite sides of the tenons, said grooves being flared upwardly and the adjacent margins of the drill body being shaped to conform to the shape of, and to closely intert with the inner sides of the wings.

WALTON G. CHRISTIAN. 

